Participatory Research Method

 

Participatory research (PR) encompasses research designs, methods, and frameworks that use systematic inquiry in direct collaboration with those affected by an issue being studied for the purpose of action or change.

https://jprm.scholasticahq.com/article/13244-participatory-research-methods-choice-points-in-the-research-process

Phenomenology - Explanation by Karin Klenke

Sections of the Chapter

Introduction to Phenomenology

Defining Phenomenology

Husserl's Descriptive Phenomenology

Heidegger's Interpretive Phenomenology

Data Collection, Analysis and Interpretation

• Bracketing and Phenomenon Reduction
• Delineating Units of Meaning
• Clustering of units of meaning to form themes
• Summarizing, Validating and modifying each interview
• General and Unique Themes for All Interviews and Composite Summary

Defining Phenomenology

Philosophical movement
Qualitative Research Methodology
Study of Phenomena
Appearances of things
Object of Research
Types of experiences derived from Perceptions

Definition - Moran

Phenomenology is defined as the study of phenomena: appearance of things as they manifest themselves in our experience, and thus the meanings things have in our experience (Moran, 2000).


Classical Approach to  Phenomenology

Descriptive (Transcendental) - Interpretive (Hermeneutic)

Descriptive
Pure experiences
Science of consciousness

Notion of lifeworld-Lebenswelt
Subject experience

Intentionality
Intentionality was an essential feature consciousness


Interpretive

Dasein-being in the world

How we make sense of the world - our place in it - how we become aware of this place.

Reciprocal interdependence
Reciprocal interdependence between self, others and objects.
Care, existence, temporality and being


Data Collection, Interviewing and Interpretation

Interviewing
Sample 2 to 25
Bracketing(Phenomenon Reduction)

Phenomenological reduction, description, search for essences


Analysis
Phenomenon documented in field notes
In depth Delineating Units of Meaning
Elimination of redundant units
Clustering of units of meaning to form themes
Validating and modifying each interview


A table is given (8.1)

Summary of five-step procedure for analyzing phenomenological data developed by Moustakas (1994)

Step Process
1. Achieving epoch : Researcher suspending preconceived judgments
through
2. Horizontalization: Identifying specific statements from transcripts that provide information about participants’ lived experiences
3. Establishing meaning units and themes: Searching for nonredundant, nonoverlapping clusters of meaning
4. Developing textural and structural descriptions :Describing “what” was experienced in textural descriptions and “how” it was experienced in structural descriptions
5. Essence of experience Synthesizing textual and structural descriptions developed in Step 4 into a composite description  of the phenomenon; essences can range from individual to universal

Interpretation


Summarizing

Validating

Modifying each Interview


https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Nl9oCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA208#v=onepage&q&f=false

Notes on Phenomenology Topics

Transcendental Phenomenology

Hermeneutic Phenomenology

Research Papers on Phenomenology Theory and Applications

Phenomenological Reduction and Emergent Design: Complementary Methods for Leadership Narrative Interpretation and Metanarrative Development
Donald L. Gilstrap
International Journal of Qualitative Methods
First Published March 1, 2007
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/160940690700600107


Hegel and Phenomenology
Cambridge Journal, Hegel Bulletin,  Special Issue  May 2017
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/hegel-bulletin/article/hegel-and-phenomenology-introduction

Research Using Phenomenology

We have many around us active beyond 65. Recently an idea was floated that many will be more effective in cognitive fields after sixties. If we can help people to stick to their work beyond 60, they can contribute their best in cognitive fields like writing.

A Qualitative Research on the Topic

Published: 10 February 2023

Moving Beyond Fulfillment: Wisdom Years Stories of Passion, Perseverance, and Productivity

Kenneth A. Kiewra, Jessica Walsh & Chris Labenz 

Educational Psychology Review volume 35, Article number: 20 (2023) 

https://www.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/7792297851977243524/2978792497855127528

Ud. 10.4.2023

Pub. 21.9.2019